Study summary · research use only
Mitochondrial-derived peptides in cardiovascular disease: Novel insights and therapeutic opportunities
Plain-language summary
Paraphrased from the published abstract below — not a verdict on whether anything works.
This review article (species not specified; no experimental subjects) discusses mitochondria-derived peptides (MDPs) — including humanin (HN), MOTS-c, and small humanin-like peptides 1-6 (SHLP1-6) — produced from short reading frames within mitochondrial genes. The authors describe MDPs' roles in regulating apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, processes relevant to cell viability. The review focuses on how MDPs are described as participating in the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) by connecting these processes, and summarizes reported clinical research on using MDPs for CVD diagnosis and treatment. The authors state that MDP levels are described as diminished with aging and in the presence of CVDs, which they suggest could make MDPs candidate indicators for CVD diagnosis, and note ongoing interest in MDPs as a potential avenue for CVD-related research.
Abstract
Mitochondria-derived peptides (MDPs) represent a recently discovered family of peptides encoded by short open reading frames (ORFs) found within mitochondrial genes. This group includes notable members including humanin (HN), mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rDNA type-c (MOTS-c), and small humanin-like peptides 1-6 (SHLP1-6). MDPs assume pivotal roles in the regulation of diverse cellular processes, encompassing apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, which are all essential for sustaining cellular viability and normal physiological functions. Their emerging significance extends beyond this, prompting a deeper exploration into their multifaceted roles and potential applications. This review aims to comprehensively explore the biogenesis, various types, and diverse functions of MDPs. It seeks to elucidate the central roles and underlying mechanisms by which MDPs participate in the onset and development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), bridging the connections between cell apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Furthermore, the review highlights recent advancements in clinical research related to the utilization of MDPs in CVD diagnosis and treatment. MDPs levels are diminished with aging and in the presence of CVDs, rendering them potential new indicators for the diagnosis of CVDs. Also, MDPs may represent a novel and promising strategy for CVD therapy. In this review, we delve into the biogenesis, various types, and diverse functions of MDPs. We aim to shed light on the pivotal roles and the underlying mechanisms through which MDPs contribute to the onset and advancement of CVDs connecting cell apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. We also provide insights into the current advancements in clinical research related to the utilization of MDPs in the treatment of CVDs. This review may provide valuable information with MDPs for CVD diagnosis and treatment.
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