Study summary · research use only
Psoriasis and Antimicrobial Peptides
Plain-language summary
Paraphrased from the published abstract below — not a verdict on whether anything works.
This review discusses the role of antimicrobial peptides, including beta-defensin, S100, and cathelicidin, secreted by T cells, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and keratinocytes in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. The authors describe how these peptides are reported to enhance binding of self-DNA and self-RNA to their receptors, promote interferon secretion from activated dendritic cells and keratinocytes, and contribute to inflammation. The abstract also describes neutrophil extracellular traps containing self-DNA and LL-37 as inducing Th17 responses, activated dendritic cells secreting IL-12 and IL-23 in psoriasis, and antimicrobial peptides as modulating psoriatic signaling, with a possible role in the Köbner phenomenon following microinjury. Species and study type are not specified.
Abstract
Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disease caused by crosstalk between various cells such as T cells, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and keratinocytes. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) such as β-defensin, S100, and cathelicidin are secreted from these cells and activate the innate immune system through various mechanisms to induce inflammation, thus participating in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. In particular, these antimicrobial peptides enhance the binding of damage-associated molecular patterns such as self-DNA and self-RNA to their receptors and promote the secretion of interferon from activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells and keratinocytes to promote inflammation in psoriasis. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), complexes of self-DNA and proteins including LL-37 released from neutrophils in psoriatic skin, induce Th17. Activated myeloid dendritic cells secrete a mass of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-12 and IL-23 in psoriasis, which is indispensable for the proliferation and survival of T cells that produce IL-17. AMPs enhance the production of some of Th17 and Th1 cytokines and modulate receptors and cellular signaling in psoriasis. Inflammation induced by DAMPs, including self-DNA and RNA released due to microinjuries or scratches, and the enhanced recognition of DAMPs by AMPs, may be involved in the mechanism underlying the Köbner phenomenon in psoriasis.
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