Study summary · research use only
Evaluation of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis by the GHRP2 Test: Comparison With the Insulin Tolerance Test
Plain-language summary
Paraphrased from the published abstract below — not a verdict on whether anything works.
This retrospective human study analyzed data from 254 patients evaluated for hypopituitarism who underwent both the GHRP2 test (GHRP2T) and the insulin tolerance test (ITT), comparing maximum cortisol levels (Fmax) to assess whether GHRP2T could substitute for ITT in evaluating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. A correlation was found between Fmax on both tests (r = 0.777, P < 0.0001), with sensitivity of 64% and specificity of 79% for GHRP2T overall. Functional adenoma (P < 0.05) and sex (P < 0.05) were reported to influence the correlation, with no substantial correlation in patients with prolactinoma (n = 30). Among male patients without functional adenoma (n = 104), sensitivity was 95% and specificity was 85%; in this subgroup, the authors report ITT could be substituted with GHRP2T.
Abstract
GH-releasing peptide 2 (GHRP2) stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) through the GH secretagogue receptor (GHSR) in the hypothalamus, in which ghrelin is a natural ligand. Therefore, the GHRP2 test (GHRP2T) could be used instead of the insulin tolerance test (ITT). Can the GHRP2T replace the ITT for evaluation of HPA? The present retrospective study analyzed the clinical features and laboratory data from 254 patients admitted for evaluation of hypopituitarism who underwent both GHRP2T and ITT. We analyzed the association between the maximum cortisol level (Fmax) during both tests. Adrenocortical insufficiency was diagnosed by ITT. The suitability of GHRP2T was examined using the receiver operating characteristic curve. A strong correlation was found between Fmax measured using both tests (r = 0.777, P < 0.0001). However, the sensitivity (64%) and specificity (79%) showed that the GHRP2T was not suitable for clinical use. Various factors influenced the correlation, probably through their effects on ghrelin and/or GHSR, including functional adenoma (P < 0.05) and sex (P < 0.05). No substantial correlation was found between Fmax measured using both tests in patients with prolactinoma (n = 30). The exclusion of patients with functional adenoma revealed no factors that affected the association in male patients; however, age and menstruation significantly influenced it in female patients (P < 0.05). Analysis of the data from male subjects without functional adenoma (n = 104) showed high sensitivity (95%) and specificity (85%) for the GHRP2T. ITT can be substituted with GHRP2T for assessment of HPA in male patients free of functional adenoma.
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