Study summary · research use only
FOXO Transcriptional Factors and Long-Term Living
Plain-language summary
Paraphrased from the published abstract below — not a verdict on whether anything works.
This is a narrative review article discussing FOXO (forkhead box O) transcription factors and their relationship to human longevity, described as involved in regulating longevity via insulin and insulin-like growth factor signaling. The abstract states invertebrates carry only one FOXO gene (FOXO DAF-16), while mammals have four — FOXO1, FOXO3, FOXO4, and FOXO6 — described as involved in multiple cellular pathways regulating growth, stress resistance, metabolism, cellular differentiation, and apoptosis. The article states the precise mode by which FOXO factors influence longevity remains unclear, and summarizes existing knowledge on FOXO factors' role in human longevity.
Abstract
Several pathologies such as neurodegeneration and cancer are associated with aging, which is affected by many genetic and environmental factors. Healthy aging conceives human longevity, possibly due to carrying the defensive genes. For instance, FOXO (forkhead box O) genes determine human longevity. FOXO transcription factors are involved in the regulation of longevity phenomenon via insulin and insulin-like growth factor signaling. Only one FOXO gene (FOXO DAF-16) exists in invertebrates, while four FOXO genes, that is, FOXO1, FOXO3, FOXO4, and FOXO6 are found in mammals. These four transcription factors are involved in the multiple cellular pathways, which regulate growth, stress resistance, metabolism, cellular differentiation, and apoptosis in mammals. However, the accurate mode of longevity by FOXO factors is unclear until now. This article describes briefly the existing knowledge that is related to the role of FOXO factors in human longevity.
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