Study summary · research use only
Structural and immunological feature of rhamnogalacturonan I-rich polysaccharide from Korean persimmon vinegar
Plain-language summary
Paraphrased from the published abstract below — not a verdict on whether anything works.
This study examined a polysaccharide (KPV-0) isolated from Korean persimmon vinegar, fractionated by gel filtration chromatography, with immune activity assessed using macrophages (species not specified for the macrophage source). The fraction KPV-I, obtained in the void volume, was reported to stimulate macrophage production of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, and nitric oxide, and showed a molecular weight of 55,000Da by size exclusion chromatography, containing arabinose, mannose, galactose, rhamnose, and galacturonic acid. KPV-I was found by a gel diffusion assay to contain 13.7% arabinogalactan protein, and methylation analysis indicated 21 kinds of neutral glycosidic linkages corresponding to a rhamnogalacturonan-I (65-70%), a mannan (20-25%), and a linear glucan (less than 10%). The authors state the rhamnogalacturonan-I component may play a role in the macrophage-stimulating activity of persimmon vinegar.
Abstract
The crude polysaccharide (KPV-0) isolated from Korean persimmon vinegar was fractionated using gel filtration chromatography to enhance the immunostimulatory activity and to identify the structural features of active fraction. Among three fractions, KPV-I obtained in a void volume, demonstrated the potent production of macrophage-stimulating mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, and nitric oxide. KPV-I showed a combined single peak with high molecular weight of 55,000Da by high performance size exclusion chromatography. Component sugar analysis revealed that KPV-I contained mainly of arabinose, mannose, galactose, rhamnose and galacturonic acid. Single radial gel diffusion assay using β-glucosyl Yariv reagent showed that KPV-I contained arabinogalactan protein with 13.7%. Methylation analysis indicated that KPV-I contained 21 kinds of neutral glycosidic linkages, which seemed to be composed three kinds of polysaccharide; that is a rhamnogalacturonan-I (65-70%) derived from persimmon as a raw material, a mannan (20-25%) derived from fermentation-associated microorganisms, and a linear glucans (less than 10%). In conclusion, polysaccharide isolated from persimmon vinegar could augment the macrophage stimulation, and a large amounts of RG-I polysaccharide derived from persimmon is likely a crucial role in expression of the activity in persimmon vinegar.
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