Study summary · research use only
IGF-IEc expression, regulation and biological function in different tissues
Plain-language summary
Paraphrased from the published abstract below — not a verdict on whether anything works.
This review discusses IGF-IEc expression, regulation, and biological function in different tissues (mammalian/human context). The authors describe insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) as an important growth factor for embryonic development, postnatal growth, tissue repair, and homeostasis. They characterize mechano-growth factor (MGF) as an alternative splicing variant of IGF-I serving as a local tissue repair factor responding to physiological changes or environmental stimuli, and report that MGF expression is significantly increased in muscle, bone, and tendon after mechanical stimuli and in brain and heart after ischemia. They state MGF was shown to activate satellite cells in muscle and to function as a neuroprotectant in brain ischemia, and note MGF and a short derivative have been examined as potential therapy for muscular dystrophy and cerebral hypoxia-ischemia in experimental animals.
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is an important growth factor for embryonic development, postnatal growth, tissue repair and maintenance of homeostasis. IGF-I functions and regulations are complex and tissue-specific. IGF-I mediates growth hormone signaling to target tissues during growth, but many IGF-I variants have been discovered, resulting in complex models to describe IGF-I function and regulation. Mechano-growth factor (MGF) is an alternative splicing variant of IGF-I and serves as a local tissue repair factor that responds to changes in physiological conditions or environmental stimuli. MGF expression is significantly increased in muscle, bone and tendon following damage resulting from mechanical stimuli and in the brain and heart following ischemia. MGF has been shown to activate satellite cells in muscle resulting in hypertrophy or regeneration, and functions as a neuroprotectant in brain ischemia. Both expression and processing of this IGF-I variant are tissue specific, but the functional mechanism is poorly understood. MGF and its short derivative have been examined as a potential therapy for muscular dystrophy and cerebral hypoxia-ischemia using experimental animals. Although the unique mode of action of MGF has been identified, the details remain elusive. Here we review the expression and regulation of MGF and the function of this IGF-I isoform in tissue protection.
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